This is a common question from many of our clients every day. We would like to help you understand this important disease and its prevention. Leptospirosis is an infection caused by the Leptospira bacteria. This bacteria can infect many mammals including dogs, cats, rats, mice, squirrels, skunks and raccoons. It is typically shed in the urine and then can dwell in moist soil or standing water. Cats that are infected with Leptospirosis seem to not exhibit serious symptoms. However, an infected cat can shed the bacteria and expose other animals to it. Dogs can contract Leptospirosis from contact with infected animals, drinking standing water, or the bacteria can enter any minor cuts on a dog from the soil.

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease. This means it is contagious to humans. The most likely way humans contract Leptospirosis is by exposure to dog or rat urine. However, any bodily fluid, including vomit and saliva, can transmit the disease. If your dog is infected with Leptospirosis, it is very important to observe proper hygiene even after they have recovered (wearing protective gloves when cleaning up after your dog, preventing face licking, etc.)

The symptoms of a dog infected with Leptospirosis can vary from minor illness such as lethargy, poor appetite, fever, vomiting, and increased thirst or urine production. Major symptoms can also occur such as liver or kidney failure.

The best way to keep your pets and family members safe is overall prevention of Leptospirosis. Try to prevent your dog from drinking from standing water, and limit their contact to wildlife. The vaccine for Leptospirosis is the best way to prevent disease, and to decrease the symptoms of infection if your dog is exposed. The Leptospirosis vaccine is given annually and is very safe. Please feel free to discuss this further with one of the team members at the Berwick Animal Clinic.